Purely Competitive Vs Monopoly in two industries Essay Example for Free

Absolutely Competitive Vs Monopoly in two enterprises Essay There are two kinds of industry wherein a businessperson could put his money on: the restraining infrastructure and the simply serious one. This paper clarifies the case if a laborer in an absolutely serious industry and a specialist in a syndication industry restores the equivalent or distinctive peripheral incomes looking into it that the work advertise is simply serious in the event that they have the very same minimal item and their item cost is the equivalent. Refering to the contrast between the kinds of industry will give us a plan to choose with the case given: Contrasts among Monopoly and Competition (Hartcourt, 2001) Restraining infrastructure  The just maker of the merchandise The interest bend has a descending slant. â€Å" cost maker†  Lowers the cost to build deals Rivalry Contends with organizations delivering similar items The interest bend is flat â€Å"price taker† Sells so a lot or as meager at same cost. Minor income is portrayed as the additional income that an abundance item unit will bring to the business (Schenk, 2002). Regardless of whether a laborer is in either a simply serious or an imposing business model, and considering the case expressed on the past section, the two specialists will restore the equivalent minimal item return since their peripheral items, just as the item cost are the equivalent. MPR = complete income/amount of units sold ( Hartcourt, 2001) On the off chance that we think not that basically, the costs presented by the laborers from various businesses are the equivalent, and the quantity of units to be sold is additionally the equivalent, the MPR will be the equivalent. Be that as it may, from the bulleted depictions of syndication and serious industry, the requests are unique. For the imposing business model, the interest is inclining descending; however structure the serious, the interest is equivalent to spoke to by the even bend. For a serious industry, the MPR is legitimately relative to the cost, however in an imposing business model industry, the interest is diminishing, so the MPR will diminish additionally, leaving us the end that the MPR’s for the two are extraordinary. References Hartcourt, Inc. (2001). Restraining infrastructure. Recovered April 22, 2008, from http://www.wcc.hawaii.edu/facstaff/briggs-p/Microeconomics/Chap_15.pdf Schenk, Robert. (2002). Cybereconomics. From Elasticity to Marginal Revenue. Recovered April 22, 2008 from Cybereconomics.

Nursing Philosophy Essay

Nursing Philosophy Essay Nursing Philosophy Essay Specialists without Borders and its Philosophy Sammy Jergens As a nursing understudy you are relied upon to settle on a decision with respect to what field of nursing you might want to go into. There are numerous choices that an understudy could investigate, working at a medical clinic, center, or even educate. Be that as it may, possibly an altogether extraordinary choice ought to be thought of, for example, working for a helpful association. There are numerous associations to look over that have a nursing part. One of them has stood out, perhaps in light of the fact that they incorporate the four marvel of good nursing into their own statement of purpose. This gathering is Doctors without Borders otherwise called MSF for Medecins Sans Frontieres. A not revenue driven association that â€Å"provides free, fair help with in excess of 60 nations to individuals whose endurance is compromised by brutality, disregard, or calamity, essentially because of equipped clash, scourges, lack of healthy sustenance, prohibition from social insurance, or co mmon disasters.† (Doctors without Borders [MSF], 2012) The way of thinking of Nursing for Rockford College is split into four key ideas. These ideas are nursing, wellbeing, individual, and condition. Each part is essential in building up a remarkable medical caretaker. Similar ideas are found in the contract of Doctors without Borders and will be investigated all through this paper. â€Å"MSF’s work depends on the helpful standards of clinical morals and impartiality.† (MSF, 2012) Nursing As per the Rockford College school of Nursing manual, â€Å"Nursing is a craftsmanship and a science worried about the advancement, support, and rebuilding of ideal health.† (Rockford College Nursing office, 2012) Also nursing is depicted as to having obligation to society to give quality medicinal services to all. What's more, to best serve society an attendant should be politically dynamic and practice cooperatively with customers and other human services suppliers. Specialists without Borders does these activities. â€Å"Calls open thoughtfulness regarding philanthropic disasters and by highlighting the reasons for such calamities, the association assists with framing groups of general assessment restricted to infringement and maltreatment of power.† (Nobel Prize 2012) They stand up to focus on ignored emergencies, challenge deficiencies or maltreatment of the guide framework, and to advocate for improved clinical medications and conventions. As a medical attendant y ou are the voice of the customer regardless of whether the customer is a gathering of individuals. Wellbeing â€Å"Health is dynamic and persistently changing† (Potter and Perry, 2009) Meaning that we can't rely on the information that we have will in any case be important tomorrow. Specialists without fringes knows this and has â€Å"continuously attempted to update its strategic systems and flexibly chains. Furthermore, the association currently uses particular clinical units and gear that empower its groups to begin sparing lives following they are deployed.† (MSF, 2012) Also as per Rockford College Nursing Handbook wellbeing reacts to individual science, way of life, nature and the human services framework. Specialists without fringe endeavor to assist networks with modifying themselves and thusly reconstruct the lives of the individuals in them. In the realm of social insurance everything is associated somehow, practically like an exercise in careful control. As an attendant you discover the parity for your patient, regardless of whether its wellbeing advancement or just mindfulness, and Doctors without fringes does likewise. Individual It is critical to understand that few out of every odd human is a cutout picture of the one preceding them. â€Å"Each individual is an exceptional, mind boggling, all encompassing being with biophysical, mental, profound, and socio-social dimensions.† (Rockford College Nursing Department, 2012) Doctors without Borders get this and evaluate each individual’s circumstance and think of an arrangement that fits every one. Be that as it may, when they asses their consideration plans it’s not for each individual in turn, however an entire gathering of individuals. MSF treats patients with irresistible infections, for example, tuberculosis, dozing

George MacDonalds The Princess and the Goblin :: MacDonald Princess Goblin Essays

George MacDonald's The Princess and the Goblin In his novel The Princess and the Goblin, George MacDonald has cunningly made an underground society populated by a contorted and ridiculously peculiar race. Inside the body of his story, he uncovers that these individuals are slid from people, and did actually, sometime in the distant past, live upon the surface themselves. Just ages of living isolated from natural air and daylight have made them develop into the distorted animals we meet in this story (MacDonald, 2-4). MacDonald calls the creatures trolls, and keeping in mind that they absolutely may fit that definition from a nineteenth century perspective, they are unquestionably progressively much the same as the dwarves that we have come to know from exemplary stories like Tolkien's Lord of the Rings and famous games like Cells and Dragons, just as endless films, kid's shows and computer games. All things considered, plainly MacDonald had an extensive information on old stories and folklore and that he attracted upon that found ation to help inspire and show a persuading society regarding underground occupants, or little people. There is by all accounts little understanding, at any rate in an advanced universe of mass correspondence, of what precisely a troll is. The inception of the word seems to originate from the medieval French town of Evreux, which professes to have been spooky by a devil named Gobelinus (who could possibly have been, at a certain point, a real living individual). From that point the term advanced to allude to any little soul or animal who (in contrast to present day understandings of the word) might be either positive or negative, yet is in all likelihood fiendish (Wiseley). Dwarves, then again, are additionally little animals, yet the well known undertone is one of a for the most part pleasant and persevering being who lives underground structure mines. MacDonald's manifestations fall some place in the middle of these depictions, however they most likely lay nearer to the last mentioned. Scandinavia and Germany are the essential homes to the legends that roused both MacDonald and numerous different authors both previously and since. The Scandinavians talked about the land that the dwarves hailed from, calling it Svartalfheim. This place that is known for dull mythical people was portrayed as a dim, cold domain of natural hollows, sounding convincingly like the curving, dark underground passages which Curdie is compelled to aimlessly investigate. An option in contrast to this concealed land was Nifleheim, a place where there is the dead that could likewise effectively go for MacDonald's underground maze (Mott).

Fix It! Grammar Digging Deeper

   Last week we answered some of your general questions about Fix It! Grammar. This week we thought we’d take a closer look at each of the books in the series and go a little deeper to answer your questions. Many of these questions were first posted in our online forum.    We are using Fix-It! Grammar Book 1: The Nose Tree and are on Week 4. I have a question about Day 2. The sentence reads, "In due time the second soldier's turn to watch came." The word soldier's is marked as a noun, but isn't it an adjective modifying turn? Thank you for your help. In this sentence the word soldier's is a possessive noun. Possessive nouns indicate ownership, relationship, or association. Grammatically they fit into the category of noun, that is, a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea. A formal way to understand the second soldier's turn is to think of it like this—the turn of the second soldier. Looking at it that way, it's easy to see why we can't actually call soldier's an adjective. In Latin, we would call soldier’s a genetive noun. Genetive nouns include nouns that show possession. Now, some grammar books also would indicate soldier’s to be an adjective. You’re right in that sense; the word soldier’s is acting like an adjective by providing more information about the noun turn, but in essence it remains a noun. Ah, we just have to love our English language which is so full of oddities and exceptions!    We are in Fix It! Grammar: Robin Hood and are up to Week 16, but we are still having trouble with clauses. We know that clauses need a subject and verb. We know which clauses are main or dependent. But, we have a hard time figuring out mostly where a clause ends and another one may begin. Sometimes we’ll think a part of a sentence is a main clause, only to realize that it’s split into two clauses. Would anyone have any tips to help us out? The ending of a clause is not as important as the beginning, so as long as you include the subject and verb and stop the clause at a logical place, you are good to go! For the starting point, do not include these types of constructions that come before a clause: prepositional phrase, adverb (-ly or other), participial phrase, phrase about a time period (e.g. Monday, one morning, last night). Also, don’t include coordinating conjunctions. Do include subordinating conjunctions (www.ï » ¿asia words), who-which-that, and other relative pronouns. These words make clauses dependent instead of independent. Make use of the grammar card on clause starters, too.    In Fix It! Grammar Book 3: Frog Prince on Week 12, Day 4, part of the passage states, â€Å"Now, what Dorinda, Maribella, and King Morton did not divine was that Arthur was not truly a frog†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The Teacher Manual has â€Å"What Dorinda...divine† labeled as a subject. Why? Did and divine are verbs. Entire clauses sometimes function as the subject, which means within that subject clause there will be another subject (or subjects) and verb (or verbs). Notice that beneath the bracketed S are more S’s and V’s for the subjects and verbs of the clause itself, but the whole clause is the subject of was. The entire explanation of how to figure this out is in the Teacher’s Manual on page 82 under â€Å"Grammar Notations, Advanced,† but don’t worry about it if this is too hard for your student—it’s advanced, as the notations indicate!    We are in Fix It! Grammar Book 4: The Little Mermaid and have a question about Week 21, Day 2. As my son and I were working on the assignment, we were a little confused about the use of lithest and were. I see the note on how to form superlatives—Form superlatives using -est, not with both â€Å"most† and â€Å"-est.† We both thought lithest sounded funny. Would it be incorrect to say most lithe? Also, we’re wondering why were is used instead of are in â€Å"every step you take will feel as if you were treading upon sharp knives.† Lithest does sound strange, but that’s likely because it’s not a word we frequently use. It is correct, however, and while you could convert it to most lithe, it’s preferred to use the superlative  form, lithest, when that is correct. You can check a dictionary to see the superlative  forms when you like. Were is correct because the verb is in the subjunctive mood. The subjunctive mood is used for contrary-to-fact statements. In this case, the Little Mermaid is not actually treading upon sharp knives, but she feels as if she is.    I am teaching Fix It! Book 5: Chanticleer to a student, and we both have a question about Week 5, Day 3. We are wondering why we can’t use a comma and the coordinating conjunction and between the main clause, long preposition, and the second main clause. Must the MC, cc MC always be close together, never having a phrase between them? I would have thought we could have punctuated the second sentence as follows: His snout was small, midway between furtive, glowing eyes, and from the look of this bete noire, I almost died for fear. She can! There are often several ways to fix these, and hers is one of them. Sometimes the book suggests alternative fixes, but in the interest of keeping instruction to about a page per passage, we couldn’t cover everything. Having said that, students often overuse the MC, cc MC pattern, losing the impact of each main clause, so it’s worth having a conversation, at least, about whether the construction sounds better as two sentences or as MC, cc MC. If she prefers to connect them with a comma and keep and, that’s perfectly legitimate and does work here.    How does Fix It! Book 6: Sir Gawain and the Green Knight differ from the earlier books in the series? Congratulations for making it to the final book! That’s truly a wonderful accomplishment! This course will be especially fun, not only because of the fascinating story, but also because this is the year when all of the prior books’ teachings come together. You will spend this final year seeing how grammar works in a real-life story as you focus on advanced editing techniques. The beginning of the course will provide some review of concepts, but by the mid-way mark, you will be using all that you have learned to work on real-life editing of story text. This is a challenging yet fun course that will prepare you for the rigors of college-level editing and writing. We hope you enjoy it! We hope that you enjoyed reading some of the questions we have encountered about Fix It! Grammar. Remember, you are never left to figure things out alone. We are here to help! Join our forums. When you do, you will have an entire community at your fingertips, supporting you as you teach your students!

Informative Essay About Recreational Drugs - 1441 Words

Ashish Diyali 10/27/17 Prompt 2 Professor Chandler Recreational drugs My thesis is that recreational drugs are situation, both can be bad or good for a person depending on the type of drug and how it is used. This essay will discuss the negative aspects to promoting the utilization of illegal recreational drugs such as a rare disease, misunderstanding of the health risks, and social destructive activities that follow its use. On the other hand, this essay will discuss how legalizing these drugs would lower crime and influence of the drug lords who sell illicit pharmaceuticals, actually lessen the negative abuse of drugs, and lower the spread of diseases by promoting safe and cheaper access to safe recreational alternatives. Now,†¦show more content†¦For example, medicalmarijuana.org reports that smoking marijuana deposits three to five times more tar into your lungs and has 50 to 70 percent more carcinogenic hydrocarbons, affecting the respiratory system at a greater rate than the often-maligned tobacco cigarette. Moreover, another misunderstanding of the medical side of many recreational drugs is they have benefit from ingestion rather than smoking. With marijuana as a staple drug example, smoking it affects and alters the brain. Furthermore, marijuana decreases the release of dopamine in the stratum region of your brain, which is responsible for working memory, impulsive and attention behavior. Other researchers have found that people who smoke marijuana on regular basis tends to lose the grey matter in the brain which is a major part of the central nervous system, impacting muscle control, memory, sensory, emotion, speech, decision making and self-control. Perhaps more importantly, this also leads to adverse mental health like depression and anxiety And this is not just marijuana, as other studies have shown the same negative affect on other recreational drugs that likewise lowered the release of dopamine in the brain. Despite being considered a safe alternative, burning anything alters the plant, changing the chemical compound and proving harmful to the body. Thus, this â€Å"safe† plant that is burned, releases the toxins and carcinogen where it can be exposed to the body and its respiratory system. The thirdShow MoreRelatedRichard A. Friedmans Born To Be Happy, Through a Twist of Human Hard Wire: Article Analysis1111 Words   |  5 Pagespersonal feelings about having this disorder, both in a sense feel that it is quite embarrassing being happy all the time especially for no good reason, which makes the reader stop and think to themselves why would anyone not want that? Making the reader want to continue reading the article to find out how to obtain happiness without trying for their own wellbeing. The stories also give the reader a visual description and better understanding of a hyperthymic person making it informative to even readersRead MoreMarketing Plan for Entrepreneur10970 Words   |  44 Pagesdevelop your marketing strategy around them, for without an adequate market plan, any business will not be profitable. Successful marketing means providing the right service in the right place at the right price, and promoting it so that everyone knows about it. Therefore I chose the topic of term paper Marketing Plan of entrepreneur. The aim is to study and development of methodological principles of management of marketing activities, identifying weaknesses, analyses and design. The objectRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pages372 7 MANAGING CONFLICT 373 SKILL ASSESSMENT 374 Diagnostic Surveys for Managing Conflict 374 Managing Interpersonal Conflict 374 Strategies for Handling Conflict 375 SKILL LEARNING 376 Interpersonal Conflict Management 376 Mixed Feelings About Conflict 376 Diagnosing the Type of Interpersonal Conflict 378 Conflict Focus 378 Conflict Source 380 Selecting the Appropriate Conflict Management Approach 383 Comparing Conflict Management and Negotiation Strategies 386 Selection Factors 386 Resolving

China s Political Influence On Foreign Policy - 1836 Words

China’s Indo-Pacific neighbors, notably Japan, Vietnam, Philippines, Indonesia, India and Australia, seem nervous about China’s rapidly rising military threat strength and aggressive stance in foreign policy. Is China perceived as a military threat by these states? What measures have these states taken or are contemplating to deal with the Chinese threat? China’s military rising has led to China’s power in the East Asia region and concerns about China’s power in the Indo- Pacific region. Many scholars believe that when a state becomes powerful, it will defiantly seek greater regional political influence and consequently worldwide political influence. This influence will result in the change of the power structure in the region and eventually lead to a long term security danger. According to the power structure scholars, the history of international relations supports this argument. In the period between two World Wars, Germany became a powerful state and turned out to be the threat to the security of the West Atlantic region and finally caused the World War II. In addition, before the World War II Japan was a rising power and caused the Pacific war in the 1930s and 1940s (Jiangye2002,57). However, opponents claim that China as a rising power has not followed the examples of Germany and Japan because the internatio nal system has been changed. Opponents also believe that in the traditional international system the national interests of a rising power were to conflict andShow MoreRelatedChina s Become A Global Superpower And Its Transformation From A Development Aid Recipients767 Words   |  4 Pages I once regretted that I majored in Chinese Language and Literature. Even after completing my Master s degree in China I could not see the practical use of my studies. However, now I think it has become my strength to comprehend Chinese Language and culture as a student who seeks to research on the International Studies related to China as a Ph.D. candidate. During my study in China, I witnessed China’s emergence as a global superpower and its transformation from a development aid recipient toRead MoreInternational Currency And International Trade1385 Words   |  6 Pagesvarious benefits and costs which could be analyzed from both economic and political dimensions. It has be argued (Cohen 2012)that the main advantages is related to transactions costs, international seigniorage macroeconomic flexibility, political leverage and reputation. With the internationalization of the currency .the domestic currency can be directed used for international trade valuation, payment and settlement. 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NepalRead MorePest Analysis for India1088 Words   |  5 Pagesancient civilizations, has a splendid history, and it also has an important influence and effect on the development of world civilization. India’s societal development was lost during the period of British colonialism. However this indomitable nation is now rapidly developing. Since the 21st century when globalization swept the world, India has gotten the chance to move. India is rising. The paper will use PEST political environment, economic environment, sociocultural environment and technologicalRead MoreChinese Foreign Relations During The Imperial Era1148 Words   |  5 Pageswhich have influenced modern China’s for eign policy, the so called â€Å"century of humiliation† holds particular sway. Also known as the â€Å"hundred years of national humiliation†, it refers to the period of intervention and imperialism by western powers and Japan in China from 1839 to 1949. It has had a profound impact on how the decision makers in China have perceived the world order since then and has heavily influenced China’s policies on a strategic, political and military front. During the imperial

Sustainability Performance and Sustainability Disclosure †Free Sample

Question: Discuss about the Sustainability Performance and Sustainability Disclosure. Answer: Introduction This paper is set to address the question of whether legitimacy theory can act as a base for the new CDP law that requires firms to disclose their actual carbon performance on a quarterly basis. The legitimacy theory posits that the actions of any entity must be appropriate or proper within the system of values, norms, and beliefs within which the entity exists (Comyns, 2012). As such, it is important to measure just how the current law on GHG emissions could work along this. Not so many years ago, it was projected that 400 parts per million for CO2 would be a tipping point as far as climate change was concerned. In the legitimacy theory, and concerning the climate change issue, firms should report their carbon performance and the measures they are taking to reduce it. When organizations demonstrate that they are taking substantial actions in reducing climate change, they gain their legitimacy in society. However, many firms fail to report properly and accurately they only use the m edia to offer reports that improve their image and legitimacy (Comyns, 2012). In this study, the idea is to explore whether the legitimacy theory can act as a basis for the new environmental law to motivate forms to ensure accurate and timely disclosure. The previous research on legitimacy theory has not focused on how the ambiguities, in theory, can be addressed (Hahn et al., 2015). There are discrepancies in research on whether the theory motivates firm towards better disclosure considering that there may be positive or negative performance (Apergis et al., 2013). Previous research has not addressed how new local laws can be developed based on this theory so that firms have legal requirements to follow. Further, the issue of mandatory disclosures and how such an approach can motivate accuracy and honesty in reporting have not been addressed in research. Currently, disclosures are voluntary, and companies are expected to play their ethical mandate in displaying their findings to all. Research has found it vulnerable in the sense that it fails to make the process mandatory where all companies have to adhere to it (Fernando and Lawrence, 2014). Chu et al. (2013) noted that the organizations must be bound by the social contract with society. Organisations have certain social responsibilities which include sponsorship, education and voluntary disclosure of information. The firm agrees to act in a certain way in line with the values and beliefs of society (Comyns, 2012). This enable firms gain their legitimacy in society and develop positive image. They are accepted morally since their actions are appropriate and desirable to society. These help them to gain customers and labour force Increasing steps to reduce carbon footprints has been linked to the higher legitimacy of firms in society. Many firms provide more precise and reasonable carbon disclosures when there is legal requirement. Firms always follow disclosures that are mandatory and the figures are more accurate and timely since there are legal ramifications of failure to disclose, (Comyns, 2012). Firms can use this approach to demonstrate their ability to do things that are proper and beneficial. A positive correlation has been identified between proper actions and legitimacy and this translates to more profit. The more a company discloses precise and accurate carbon emission to the public the better the company will gain in term of image and profits, (Downie Stubbs, 2013). Theoretical Constructs and operational proxies In the previous research, there has been the focus on how the legitimacy theory can benefit the disclosures that are related to carbon emissions. In using the legitimacy theory, stakeholders rely on the promise of the social contract to establish how firms should take action against global warming (Chu et al., 2013). The proportion of the effort taken by firms should be in line with their carbon footprint. Every company is entitled to take care of the surrounding environment and take some social responsibilities. This help firms establish positive co-existence with different publics and take responsibility of reducing world global warming effects (Toke, 2017). There is also need to understand how the theory can be relied upon to bring about more strict measures and ensure correct action against the carbon emissions. The relationship between stringent legislation and compliance is positive the more stringent the laws, the better the outcomes regarding reporting and disclosure and the less the stringent law the worse the outcomes regarding carbon disclosure. Previous study identified law make it possible for every company to timely and accurately report on carbon emission level and measures the firm is undertaking to reduce this, (Rahmana et al., 2014). In theory, it is important to note that the arguments are logical and they can form a basis for the law forcing companies to disclose their positions and actions in reducing global warming. The legal arguments can be made for the social contract and the requirements identified in theory. The law can define the areas of proper and appropriate action and the values, beliefs, and morals that a firm exists in (Toke, 2017). It means that there is a high possibility of the theory being used as a basis for making the law. The previous research has indicated that more strict rules and regulatory requirements force companies to achieve better reporting and disclosure (Chu et al., 2013), and legal requirements have penalties that can be instituted to motivate firms and this is connected to the improved performance in reporting and disclosure. Previous studies also shows that the firms attempt to follow the law to remain more legitimate and get appreciation from government and consumers. It was also established that the new laws are likely to motivate firms to compete in showing compliance and this is connected to a better performance in this area. The firm will try to create positive image to public, media, government, society and customers and by doing so improve the level of carbon disclosure, (Kaime, 2014). Accurate and timely disclosure is considered as proxy of carbon disclosure index while legal requirements to direct firm to disclosure are proxy of legitimacy theory. The law can incentivize companies to improve their approaches in disclosure and possibly motivate them to seek more actions to improve their carbon performance. Firms will try to make can disclosure a priority and even create new departments to deal with carbon performance, and this has a direct link to the positive performance of businesses in the area. Operational Constructs The enterprises in the businesses that pollute the environment more are typical Variable Type of Variable Indicator Tools of analysis Type of analysis There is also need to understand how the theory can be relied upon to bring about more stringent measures and ensure correct action against the carbon emissions. Dependent Accurate and timely disclosure Percentages Mean score Descriptive statistics Regression analysis The relationship between stringent legislation and compliance is positive the more stringent the laws, the better the outcomes regarding reporting and disclosure Independent Stringent law/legal requirement Percentages Mean score Descriptive statistics Regression analysis The sample for this research has been taken from a data of 60 companies of different profiles. The sample of the sixty companies was randomly selected. These gave all the companies in the population equal chances of being selected. Companies selection was made with the greatest firms have been picked as a result of their effect on the economies where they play out their operations (Jose Lee 2007). Second, disclosure practices (particularly natural revelations) of large organizations are wealthier than small and medium measured organizations (Deegan Gordon 1996; Patten 1991) H0: If a new law is created based on legitimacy theory, then firms are likely to improve the accuracy and timeliness of their carbon performance disclosures. H1: If a new law is created based on legitimacy theory, there will be no change in the accuracy and timeliness of the carbon performance disclosures provided by firms. Data analysis- Descriptive statistics The method of data analysis is descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Descriptive include measure of location and measure of dispersion which are used to describe the distribution of data. The data set provide consisted of different companies and also from different countries. country of the company Frequency Percent Canada 1 1.7 Denmark 2 3.3 Finland 2 3.3 France 1 1.7 Germany 1 1.7 Japan 2 3.3 Netherlands 2 3.3 Spain 2 3.3 Sweden 3 5.0 Switzerland 3 5.0 Taiwan 3 5.0 United Kingdom 9 15.0 USA 29 48.3 Total 60 100.0 The sample selected composed of companies from USA having the largest number of companies represented by 48.3%, United Kingdom 15%, Sweden, Switzerland and Taiwan had 5%, Canada, France and Germany had 1.7% and finally Finland, Netherlands and Spain had 3.3%. This is evident that most of the companies in the population are from USA then followed by United Kingdom. Type of company Frequency Percent Consumer Discretionary 8 13.3 Consumer Staples 1 1.7 Financials 6 10 Health Care 4 6.7 Industrials 18 30 Information Technology 22 36.7 Telecommunication Services 1 1.7 In the sample selected, 36.7 % of the companies were information technology companies followed by industrials with 30%, consumer Discretionary 13.3%, Financials 10%, Health care 6.7% while Consumers Staples and Telecommunication Services had 1.7%. In the graph above, there is considerable change in board role in the issue of discussion between the years 2010 to 2015. According to Simpson (2016), the prevalence of CDP in propagating the disclosure of emission information is helping companies reduce environmental disasters. Aside from that, the figures of executive decisions are a signal to the changing investment and economic trust that many businesses are embarking on. Further, close to 1000 entities have implemented policies on the internal cost of emission in the pipelines (Deatherage, 2011). Moreover, the target of most companies has overwhelmed many of those that were against the move. As a result, it has become a relevant issue for leading global industries to embed climate change objectives within each business strategy. Responsibility of climatic change with the organization Frequency Percent Board or individual/sub-set of the Board or other committee appointed by the Board 42 70.0 No individual or committee with overall responsibility for climate change 1 1.7 Other Manager/Officer 3 5.0 Senior Manager/Officer 12 20.0 Total 60 100.0 The climatic change responsibility in an organisation has been dedicated to the board committee. The carbon emission has to be in control by all the companies. In the sample selected, most of the companies have delegated these duties to appointed board represented by 70% while only 1.7% hasnt delegated this responsibility. New laws need to be put in place to allow timeliness and accuracy of reporting. Most of the businesses have integrated climatic change in their policy. They have set law policy of reducing carbon emission, disclosure method of this policy to the public and also set policy on how to reduce the risk in future. Although some of the business have not come up with an integrated climate change. Data analysis-Inferential statistics Data analysis was done using IBM SPSS software version 22. Inferential statistics are used to make logical conclusion on the data. Analysis of variance and t test are used to test significance of variables under study. ANOVA was conducted to test the relationship of disclosure score and law integrated in the business at 5% level of significance. Also was used to check risk incorporation in firm and improvement of disclosure score. ANOVA assumes that the data is continuous and normally distributed with equal variance. H0: If a new law is created based on legitimacy theory, then firms are likely to improve the accuracy and timeliness of their carbon performance disclosures. H1: If a new law is created based on legitimacy theory, there will be no change in the accuracy and timeliness of the carbon performance disclosures provided by firms. The companys disclosure score can be compared with integrated climate change and determine if their business strategy has catered for accuracy and timeliness. The P-value is 0 thus less than the significance level 0.05 thus we reject the null hypothesis that a new law created based on the legitimacy theory, firms would improve the accuracy and timeliness of their carbon performance hence their would be no change. The new law created wouldnt improve the accuracy and the timeliness of their carbon performance disclosures. H0: If a new law is created based on legitimacy theory, then firms are likely to improve the accuracy and timeliness of their carbon performance disclosures. H1: If a new law is created based on legitimacy theory, there will be no change in the accuracy and timeliness of the carbon performance disclosures provided by firms. The P-value which is 0.019 that is less than 0.05 we reject the null hypothesis and conclude that a new law created based on legitimacy theory will no change in the accuracy and timeliness of the carbon performance disclosures provided by firms. These means that creating a law based on the legitimacy theory the way companies have been having carbon performance disclosures would not change. In addressing the concerns of theories in the business operations of large corporations, there is a need to focus on the impact of climate change on value creation in companies. The new law based on the legitimacy theory has proved that the accuracy and timeliness of carbon emission disclosure would remain the same. With an open platform for disclosure, it offers an avenue to meet the interests of the population and ensure that the business environment remains stable for the ultimate performance of many companies. Mostly studies address the emission and not putting into consideration the facts on its effect to residents. Despite the increased number companies most of them are not will to disclose the carbon emission. The challenge, the choice and impact of disclosing carbon emission still lies with the confines of the firm in addressing the impact it will have on its future operation. The research only made use of new law contribution and effects on carbon disclosure level which may be influences by other factors not included in study. Many scholars still infer the impact of climate issues, corporations are facing the predicament of sinking behind in the turn of addressing market concerns on the rapid change regarding climate. There need to do further research and identify how the firms behaved before and after introduction of new law. Also a survey will be appropriate to assess how the management think disclosure score should be improved. Reference Baumast,A. (2013). Carbon Disclosure Project.Encyclopedia of Corporate Social Responsibility, 302-309. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-28036-8_559 Bellassen,V., Stephan,N. (2015).Accounting for carbon: Monitoring, reporting and verifying emissions in the climate economy. Chu, Chatterjee Brown, (2013). The current status of greenhouse gas reporting by Chinese companies: A test of legitimacy theory.. 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